{"id":17884,"date":"2023-10-25T12:27:54","date_gmt":"2023-10-25T06:57:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/?p=17884"},"modified":"2023-10-26T11:11:36","modified_gmt":"2023-10-26T05:41:36","slug":"what-is-nafis-national-automated-fingerprint-identification-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/what-is-nafis-national-automated-fingerprint-identification-system\/","title":{"rendered":"What is NAFIS National Automated Fingerprint Identification System"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The Union Home Minister has inaugurated the National Automated Fingerprint Identification System (NAFIS).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is NAFIS?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>NAFIS is developed by the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) at the Central Fingerprint Bureau (CFPB) in New Delhi.<\/li><li>The project is a country-wide searchable database of crime- and criminal-related fingerprints.<\/li><li>The web-based application functions as a central information repository by consolidating fingerprint data from all states and Union Territories.<\/li><li>In April this year, Madhya Pradesh became the first state in the country to identify a deceased person through NAFIS.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Utility of NAFIS<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It enables law enforcement agencies to upload, trace, and retrieve data from the database in real time on a 24\u00d77 basis.<\/li><li>It would help in the quick and easy disposal of cases with the help of a centralised fingerprint database.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How does it work?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>NAFIS assigns a unique 10-digit National Fingerprint Number (NFN) to each person arrested for a crime.<\/li><li>This unique ID will be used for the person\u2019s lifetime, and different crimes registered under different FIRs will be linked to the same NFN.<\/li><li>The 2020 report states that the ID\u2019s first two digits will be that of the state code in which the person arrested for a crime is registered, followed by a sequence number.<\/li><li>By automating the collection, storage, and matching of fingerprints, along with digitizing the records of fingerprint data, NAFIS will provide the much-needed unique identifier for every arrested person.<\/li><li>It will be included in the CCTNS (Crime and Criminal Tracking Network &amp; Systems) database as both are connected at the backend.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Is this the first time that such an automation project is being attempted?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Upon the recommendations of the&nbsp;<strong><u>National Police Commission in 1986<\/u><\/strong>, the Central Fingerprint Bureau first began to automate the fingerprint database.<\/li><li>It began with digitizing the existing manual records through India\u2019s first Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFI) in 1992, called&nbsp;<strong><u>Fingerprint Analysis &amp; Criminal Tracing System (FACTS 1.0).<\/u><\/strong><\/li><li>The latest iteration, FACTS 5.0, which was upgraded in 2007, was considered to have \u201coutlived its shelf life\u201d, according to a 2018 report by the NCRB and thus needed to be replaced by NAFIS.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Since when has India relied on fingerprinting as a crime-fighting tool?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A system of fingerprinting identification first emerged in colonial India, where it was tested before it spread to Europe and beyond.<\/li><li>At first, it was used by British colonial officials for administrative rather than criminal purposes.<\/li><li>William Herschel, the chief administrator of the Hooghly district of Bengal, from the late-middle 1800s onwards, used fingerprinting to reduce fraud and forgeries.<\/li><li>It then aimed to ensure that the correct person was receiving government pensions, signing land transfer deeds, and mortgage bonds.<\/li><li>Anthropometry, the measurement of physical features of the body, was used by officials in India but was soon replaced with a system of fingerprints.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/upscias.in\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Free UPSC Study Material <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\">More Articles <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NAFIS National Automated Fingerprint Identification<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Union Home Minister has inaugurated the National Automated Fingerprint Identification System (NAFIS). What is NAFIS? NAFIS is developed by the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) at the Central Fingerprint&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6558,"featured_media":17885,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[55,53,54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17884","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-g-k","category-ias","category-upsc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17884","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6558"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17884"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17884\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17885"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17884"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17884"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17884"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}