{"id":1911,"date":"2022-10-15T18:25:36","date_gmt":"2022-10-15T12:55:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/?p=1911"},"modified":"2022-10-15T18:25:38","modified_gmt":"2022-10-15T12:55:38","slug":"india-in-afghan-peace-process-upsc-ias-must-for-pre-and-mains","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/india-in-afghan-peace-process-upsc-ias-must-for-pre-and-mains\/","title":{"rendered":"India in Afghan Peace Process UPSC IAS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why in News<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Recently, the USA President has envisaged a<strong> New Peace Initiative (Plan)<\/strong> to decide on the roadmap for peace in Afghanistan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Under the plan, the USA proposed a <strong>regional conference<\/strong> under the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Nations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">United Nations<\/a><\/strong> auspices with <strong>foreign ministers of the USA, India, Russia, China, Pakistan and Iran<\/strong> to discuss a<strong> \u201cunified approach\u201d<\/strong> on Afghanistan.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key Points<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>USA President\u2019s New Peace Initiative:<\/strong><br><ul><li><strong>Delay in Withdrawal of Troops:<\/strong> This peace plan has kept open the possibility that the USA troops, currently deployed in Afghanistan, might stay on for a longer time.<br><ul><li>Under the earlier <strong>USA- Taliban Deal<\/strong>, the USA had promised to withdraw all troops by May, 2021.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Immediate Action:<\/strong> The USA is pressing the Taliban to accept an immediate agreement to reduce violence for 90 days that will provide the space for the peace initiative.<\/li><li><strong>Inclusive Process:<\/strong> The USA will <strong>not be \u201cdictating terms\u201d<\/strong> to the Afghan parties, but<strong> facilitating<\/strong> an inclusive interim government, an agreement on the <strong>\u201cfoundational principles\u201d<\/strong> for a new political order, and a<strong> \u201cpermanent and comprehensive ceasefire\u201d.<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Turkey\u2019s Role:<\/strong> The USA is asking <strong>Turkey to convene a meeting of the government<\/strong> in Kabul (capital of Afghanistan) and the Taliban to finalise a peace settlement.<\/li><li><strong>Unified Approach:<\/strong> The USA asked the<strong> United Nations<\/strong> to convene a meeting of the <strong>foreign ministers from China, Russia, Pakistan, Iran, India and the United States<\/strong> to develop a \u201cunified approach\u201d to peace in Afghanistan.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>India\u2019s Role in Peace Process Through \u201cUnified Approach\u201d:<\/strong><br><ul><li>India is an <strong>important player<\/strong> in the peace process \u2013 it has also been acknowledged by the USA.<\/li><li>India supports all efforts for peace and reconciliation in Afghanistan which are <strong>inclusive<\/strong> and <strong>Afghan-led, Afghanowned and Afghan-controlled.<\/strong><\/li><li>India has invested heavily in infrastructure developments, training security forces and supplying them with necessary equipment.<\/li><li>India has a major stake in the <strong>stability of Afghanistan<\/strong> since it has invested considerable resources in Afghanistan&#8217;s development.<\/li><li>India hopes to have a role in setting the terms especially concerning terrorism, violence, women\u2019s rights and democratic values.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"395\" height=\"297\" src=\"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/1615281114_pasted-image-0.png\" alt=\"India in Afghan Peace Process UPSC IAS 2021\" class=\"wp-image-1912\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/1615281114_pasted-image-0.png 395w, https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/1615281114_pasted-image-0-300x226.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 395px) 100vw, 395px\" \/><figcaption>India in Afghan Peace Process UPSC IAS 2021<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>India\u2019s Interest in Afghanistan:<\/strong> India in Afghan Peace Process<br><ul><li><strong>Economic and Strategic Interest:<\/strong> Afghanistan is a gateway to the oil and mineral-rich <strong>Central Asian republics.<\/strong><br><ul><li>Anyone who is in power in Afghanistan controls the land routes connecting India with Central Asia (via Afghanistan).<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Developmental Projects:<\/strong> The massive reconstruction plans for the country to offer a lot of opportunities for Indian companies.<br><ul><li>Major projects include <strong>the Afghan Parliament, the Zaranj-Delaram Highway, and the Afghanistan-India Friendship Dam (Salma Dam).<\/strong><\/li><li>Also India\u2019s assistance of more than <strong>USD 3 billion in projects,<\/strong> hundreds of small development projects (of schools, hospitals and water projects) have cemented its position in Afghanistan.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Security Interest:<\/strong> India has been the victim of <strong>state-sponsored terrorism<\/strong> emanating from Pakistan supported terrorist group operating in the region (e,g. Haqqani network). Thus, setting up a friendly government in Afghanistan can help tackling Pakistan supported terrorism.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Challenges:<\/strong><br><ul><li>The Afghan government as well as Taliban are unwilling for any power sharing.<br><ul><li>Taliban is even not willing to give up its sanctuaries in Pakistan. Nor will it accept any dilution of the strict Islamic system that it wants to enforce.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Also, the Taliban is fragmented or divided internally. It is composed of various regional and tribal groups acting semi-autonomously.<br><ul><li>Therefore, it is possible that some of them may continue to engage in violence impacting the peace process and dialogue.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Way Forward India in Afghan Peace Process<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>An independent, sovereign, democratic, pluralistic and inclusive Afghanistan is crucial for peace and stability in the region.<\/li><li>In order to ensure the same, the Afghan peace process should be Afghan-led, Afghan-owned and Afghan-controlled.<\/li><li>Also, there is a need for the global community to fight against the global concern of terrorism. In this context, it high time to adopt the <strong>Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism<\/strong> (proposed by India at UN in 1996).<\/li><li>Though the new initiative by the USA is a good step, the road ahead would not be easy. Achieving lasting peace in Afghanistan will require patience and compromise among all parties. India in Afghan Peace Process<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/upsc-ias-pdf-books-free-download-pre-and-mains\/\">Free PDF Must Have Books Click Here To Download<\/a> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Why in News Recently, the USA President has envisaged a New Peace Initiative (Plan) to decide on the roadmap for peace in Afghanistan. Under the plan, the USA proposed a&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6558,"featured_media":1912,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1911","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1911","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6558"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1911"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1911\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1912"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1911"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1911"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/knowledgekart.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1911"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}